Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) can impact various aspects of life, including focus, organization, and emotional regulation. At Altura Mental Health, we specialize in diagnosing and treating ADHD to help you achieve your full potential.

ADHD affects approximately 4.4% of adults in the United States, with many cases going undiagnosed.
Early diagnosis and intervention are key to managing symptoms effectively.

Overview

What is Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects both children and adults. It’s not just about being overly energetic or having a short attention span; it’s a complex condition that impacts how your brain functions, particularly in areas responsible for attention, impulse control, and managing activity levels.

People with ADHD often struggle with:

Inattention

Difficulty focusing on tasks, following instructions, or organizing thoughts and activities.
Hyperactivity

Excessive movement, fidgeting, or restlessness.
Impulsivity

Acting without thinking, interrupting others, or having difficulty waiting for their turn.

These challenges can significantly impact daily life, affecting relationships, school or work performance, and overall well-being.

Understanding the Neurobiological Basis of ADHD

ADHD is not a character flaw or a result of laziness. It’s a neurobiological condition rooted in differences in brain structure and function. Studies have shown that individuals with ADHD may have variations in neurotransmitter levels, such as dopamine and norepinephrine, which play crucial roles in attention and impulse control

The Importance of Ongoing Support

ADHD is a chronic condition that requires ongoing management and support.
Even with effective treatment, individuals with ADHD may need continued support to address challenges and maintain progress.

Clarifying ADHD Misconceptions

Dispelling Common Myths About ADHD

ADHD is often misunderstood, and there are many misconceptions surrounding it. Some of the most common myths include:

Myth

ADHD is just an excuse for bad behavior.

Reality

ADHD is a legitimate medical condition that requires proper diagnosis and treatment.

Myth

ADHD is caused by bad parenting.

Reality

While parenting styles can influence behavior, they do not cause ADHD. It’s a neurological condition with genetic and environmental factors.

Myth

People with ADHD can just try harder to focus.

Reality

ADHD makes it difficult for individuals to regulate their attention and impulses, even with significant effort.

At Altura Mental Health, we understand the complexities of ADHD and are here to provide comprehensive, evidence-based treatment and support for individuals and families affected by this condition.

Signs & Symptoms of ADHD

The signs and symptoms of ADHD can vary widely depending on age, individual differences, and environmental factors. It’s important to remember that not everyone with ADHD will experience all of these symptoms, and the severity can differ significantly from person to person.

ADHD in Adults

In adults, ADHD often manifests in ways that differ from the more commonly recognized hyperactive behaviors often associated with children. Adult ADHD symptoms may include:

Difficulty Focusing

Struggling to concentrate on tasks, especially those that are repetitive or require sustained attention.
Disorganization and Time Management Challenges

Problems with organization, time management, meeting deadlines, and following through on commitments.
Impulsivity

Acting without thinking, interrupting others, or making impulsive decisions.
Restlessness and Emotional Dysregulation

Feeling fidgety, restless, or unable to relax. Difficulty managing emotions, experiencing mood swings, or struggling with frustration tolerance.
Forgetfulness

Misplacing items, forgetting appointments, or having difficulty remembering details.
Relationship Challenges

Difficulty maintaining healthy relationships due to communication issues or impulsivity.

ADHD in Adolescents

In adolescents, ADHD may present with a combination of inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms, which can significantly impact school performance and social interactions. Common adolescent ADHD symptoms include:

Academic Challenges

Difficulty staying organized, completing assignments, or following instructions in school.
Social Difficulties

Struggling with social interactions, impulsivity, or emotional outbursts.
Risk-Taking Behavior

Engaging in impulsive or risky behaviors.
Emotional Dysregulation

Difficulty managing emotions, experiencing mood swings, or struggling with anger management.
Low Self-Esteem and Motivation

Feeling inadequate or frustrated due to the challenges of managing ADHD symptoms.

ADHD in Children

In children, ADHD often manifests with more visible hyperactive and impulsive behaviors, although inattentive symptoms can also be present. Common childhood ADHD symptoms include:

Fidgeting and Hyperactivity

Squirming, tapping feet, constant movement, excessive running, climbing, or talking.
Difficulty Following Instructions and Impatience

Problems listening to and following directions, difficulty waiting for their turn, interrupting others, or blurting out answers.
Short Attention Span

Trouble focusing on activities, especially those that require quiet concentration.
Disruptive Behavior

Difficulty following rules, interrupting others, or acting out.

Tips for Recognizing ADHD

Recognizing potential ADHD in yourself or a loved one can be challenging, but here are some helpful tips:

Observe patterns of behavior

Look for consistent and persistent challenges with attention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity in various settings.
Compare with developmental norms

Consider whether the observed behaviors are developmentally appropriate for the individual’s age.
Talk to teachers or other caregivers

Gather information from others who interact with the individual regularly.
Keep a journal or log of symptom

sDocumenting specific behaviors and their impact can be helpful in identifying patterns.

The Importance of Professional Assessment

While these tips can help raise awareness, it’s crucial to remember that self-diagnosis is not sufficient. If you suspect that you or your child may have ADHD, it’s essential to seek a professional evaluation from a qualified mental health provider.

At Altura Mental Health, our experienced clinicians specialize in diagnosing and treating ADHD in individuals of all ages. We offer comprehensive evaluations that include clinical interviews, rating scales, and other assessment tools to gather a thorough understanding of your unique needs. We also assess for co-occurring conditions, such as anxiety or depression, which can often accompany ADHD.

By seeking professional help, you can receive an accurate diagnosis and develop an individualized treatment plan that addresses the specific challenges you or your loved one are facing. Early intervention is key to managing ADHD effectively and improving quality of life.

Types of ADHD

ADHD is not a one-size-fits-all diagnosis. It can present in different ways, with varying combinations of symptoms. To better understand the diverse nature of ADHD, it is categorized into three primary types:

We understand that navigating the complexities of ADHD can be overwhelming. At Altura Mental Health, our team is dedicated to providing you with the support and guidance you need to understand your unique presentation of ADHD and develop a personalized treatment plan that best suits your needs.

ADHD-PI

Predominantly Inattentive Type

Individuals with this type of ADHD primarily struggle with inattention. They may have difficulty focusing, staying organized, following instructions, and completing tasks. They might seem forgetful, easily distracted, or appear to daydream frequently. This is the most common type of ADHD in adults, accounting for approximately 30-40% of cases.

They may have difficulty:

Focusing

Staying on task, especially with repetitive or mundane activities.
Organizing

Keeping track of belongings, managing time effectively, or planning ahead.
Following Instructions

Listening to and following through on directions.
Completing Tasks

Finishing projects or assignments within a reasonable timeframe.

ADHD-HI

Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type

This type of ADHD is characterized by excessive movement, restlessness, and impulsivity. Individuals with ADHD-HI may fidget, talk excessively, interrupt others, and have difficulty waiting their turn. They might seem overly energetic and have trouble sitting still. This type is more common in young children and accounts for about 10-15% of ADHD cases.

They may:

Fidget and Squirm

Have difficulty sitting still, constantly moving, or tapping their feet or hands.
Talk Excessively

Interrupt conversations, blurt out answers, or dominate discussions.
Act Impulsively

Make hasty decisions without considering consequences or interrupt others’ activities.
Have Difficulty Waiting

Struggle to wait their turn in line or games.

ADHD-c

Combined Type

As the name suggests, the combined type of ADHD includes significant symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. Individuals with ADHD-C may experience a combination of difficulty focusing, impulsivity, restlessness, and hyperactivity. This is the most common type in children and adolescents, accounting for approximately 50-60% of cases.

They may exhibit a combination of the following:

Difficulty Focusing

Struggling to concentrate and follow through on tasks.
Disorganization

Challenges with time management, planning, and completing projects.
Impulsivity and Hyperactivity

Acting without thinking, interrupting others, fidgeting, and having difficulty waiting.

Use Your Insurance

How is ADHD Diagnosed ?

Accurately diagnosing ADHD is crucial for developing an effective treatment plan. It requires a comprehensive evaluation by a qualified mental health professional, such as a psychiatrist, psychologist, or neuropsychologist.

The Diagnosis Process

The diagnostic process typically involves several steps:

Clinical Interview

A thorough discussion about your or your child’s medical history, developmental history, current symptoms, and any relevant family history of ADHD or other mental health conditions. This is important in understanding how symptoms have evolved over time and the impact they have on daily life.
Rating Scales and Questionnaires

Completion of standardized rating scales and questionnaires, such as the Conners Comprehensive Behavior Rating Scales (CBRS), the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Rating Scale, or the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS), by the individual, parents, teachers, or other caregivers. These tools assess ADHD symptoms across different settings (e.g., home, school, work) and gather information about the frequency and severity of symptoms.
Observation

Direct observation of the individual’s behavior in different settings, such as at home, school, or work, may be conducted to assess attention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity.
Additional Testing:

In some cases, additional testing, such as cognitive assessments or neuropsychological evaluations, may be recommended to gain a deeper understanding of cognitive functioning and rule out other conditions that can mimic ADHD symptoms.

Criteria for Diagnosis

To diagnose ADHD, mental health professionals use specific criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). These criteria include:

Presence of Persistent Symptoms

A pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that has been present for at least six months and is more severe than what is typically observed in individuals of the same age and developmental level.
Early Onset

Symptoms must have been present before the age of 12.
Impairment in Multiple Settings

Symptoms must cause significant impairment in at least two settings, such as home, school, or work.
Rule Out Other Causes

Symptoms cannot be better explained by another mental disorder or medical condition.

Considerations for Diagnosis

Differential Diagnosis

ADHD symptoms can overlap with other mental health conditions, so clinicians must carefully differentiate between ADHD and other potential causes of symptoms.
Comorbidity

Many individuals with ADHD also have coexisting mental health conditions, such as anxiety or depression. A comprehensive evaluation assesses for these co-occurring conditions as well.
Diagnosing ADHD in Adults

Diagnosing ADHD in adults can be more complex due to the subtle presentation of symptoms, the influence of other life stressors, and the potential overlap with other mental health conditions. A thorough developmental history and assessment of current functioning in various settings are crucial.

Importance of Professional Evaluation

It’s important to emphasize that self-diagnosis or relying solely on online questionnaires is not sufficient for diagnosing ADHD. A comprehensive evaluation by a qualified mental health professional, using multiple sources of information, is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and rule out other potential causes of symptoms.

A Reassuring Approach

At Altura Mental Health, our team of experienced clinicians uses a multi-faceted approach to assess ADHD. We understand that the diagnostic process can be overwhelming, but we are here to guide you through every step. We conduct thorough clinical interviews, utilize standardized rating scales, and, if necessary, incorporate additional testing to provide a comprehensive and accurate diagnosis. Our goal is to understand each individual’s unique needs and develop a personalized treatment plan that addresses their specific challenges and strengths.

How Does Altura Treat ADHD ?

At Altura Mental Health, we believe in a comprehensive and personalized approach to treating ADHD. We understand that there is no one-size-fits-all solution, and each individual’s experience with ADHD is unique. Our team of experienced clinicians collaborates with you to develop a tailored treatment plan that addresses your specific needs and goals.

Our Collaborative Approach

We believe that the most effective treatment for ADHD is a collaborative effort between you and your clinician. We work closely with you to understand your individual challenges, strengths, and preferences, and we empower you to actively participate in your treatment decisions. Together, we will create a plan that is tailored to your unique needs and goals.

Medication Management

For some individuals, medication can be an effective tool in managing ADHD symptoms. Our psychiatrists work closely with you to determine the most suitable medication and dosage, monitor its effectiveness, and adjust the treatment plan as needed. We carefully consider your age, medical history, and other factors when recommending medication.

Stimulants

These are the most commonly prescribed medications for ADHD and work by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which can improve focus and attention.

Non-Stimulants

These medications work differently than stimulants and may be recommended for individuals who do not tolerate stimulants or have certain medical conditions.

Psychotherapy

Individual, group, and family therapy can help individuals with ADHD develop coping skills, manage emotions, improve communication, and build stronger relationships. We offer various therapy modalities, including:

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

CBT focuses on identifying and changing negative thought patterns and behaviors that contribute to ADHD symptoms.

Behavioral Therapy

This type of therapy teaches strategies for managing impulsivity, improving focus, and developing organizational skills.

Family Therapy

Family therapy can help parents and siblings understand ADHD and learn how to support their loved one with ADHD.

Individualized Treatment Plans

We recognize that every individual with ADHD is unique, and their treatment plan should reflect that. Our clinicians take a holistic approach, considering your age, symptoms, co-occurring conditions, lifestyle, and personal preferences to create a customized treatment plan that maximizes your potential for success. We believe in empowering you to take an active role in your treatment and make informed decisions about your care.

Ongoing Support and Monitoring

ADHD is a chronic condition that requires ongoing management and support. We are committed to providing continuous care and monitoring your progress to ensure that your treatment plan remains effective and relevant to your evolving needs. Our team is here to provide guidance, encouragement, and support throughout your journey with ADHD.

Specific Challenge and Treatment Approaches

Children and Adolescents

For children and adolescents with ADHD, our treatment plans often focus on behavioral interventions, parent training, and academic support. We also address any co-occurring conditions, such as anxiety or learning disorders.

Young Adults

As young adults transition to adulthood, we help them develop skills for independent living, time management, career planning, and healthy relationships. We also address issues related to substance use or other co-occurring mental health conditions.

Adults

For adults with ADHD, our treatment plans may focus on managing work-related challenges, improving relationships, and developing strategies for coping with stress and emotional dysregulation.

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What are the Best Therapy Options for ADHD ?

Therapy is a cornerstone of ADHD treatment, offering valuable tools and strategies for managing symptoms, improving functioning, and enhancing overall well-being. At Altura Mental Health, we offer a range of evidence-based therapy options tailored to the unique needs of each individual. Research has shown that therapy, especially when combined with medication, can significantly improve outcomes for individuals with ADHD. At Altura Mental Health, we offer a variety of evidence-based therapy options tailored to the individual needs of our clients.